https://www.fs.com/blog/infiniband-vs-ethernet-what-are-they-2740.html
| Dimension | Infiniband | Ethernet |
|---|---|---|
| Architecture | Switched fabric | Layered |
| Topology | Fat-tree / Torus | Star / Mesh |
| Bandwidth | 100G–800G, high sustained throughput | 100G–800G, high speed achievable with traffic optimization |
| Latency | Ultra-low | Moderate (lower with RoCEv2) |
| Scalability | Requires specialized hardware | Highly compatible, easily scalable, multi-vendor support |
| Reliability | Built-in lossless communication and congestion management | Requires PFC/ECN/RoCEv2 to approach lossless |
| Cost ＆ Deployment | Expensive, specialized deployment | Cost-effective, easy deployment |
| Security ＆ Management | Limited | Mature security protocols, comprehensive management tools |
| Application Scenarios | Large-scale AI training, HPC, real-time simulation | enterprise networking, internet access, home networking, AI/ML clusters, distributed AI applications, and cloud AI |